Beginning Statistics + Integrated Review Third Edition GUIDED NOTEBOOK Annotated Instructor’s Edition Exclamat Instructor’s Review CopyEditor: Robin Hendrix Assistant Editor: Shirley Usry Courseware Developer: Kyle Gilstrap Technology Assistant: Vince Cellini Creative Services Manager: Joshua A. Walker Designers: Trudy Gove, Patrick Thompson, Joel Travis Cover Design: Patrick Thompson Composition and Answer Key Assistance: QSI (Pvt.) Ltd. A division of Quant Systems, Inc. 546 Long Point Road Mount Pleasant, SC 29464 Copyright © 2020 by Hawkes Learning / Quant Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written consent of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN: 978-1-64277-302-6 AIE ISBN: 978-1-64277-303-3 BEG3R_GN_Preface.indd 2BEG3R_GN_Preface.indd 23/5/2020 3:14:44 PM3/5/2020 3:14:44 PMTable of Contents Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .iii Math Knowledge Required for Math@Work Career Explorations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .vi How to Use the Guided Notebook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ix Strategies for Academic Success How to Read a Math Textbook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiv Tips for Success in a Math Course . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv Tips for Improving Math Test Scores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvi Practice, Patience, and Persistence! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xvii Note Taking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xviii Do I Need a Math Tutor? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix Tips for Improving Your Memory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xx Overcoming Anxiety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxi Online Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xxii Preparing for a Final Math Exam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxiii Managing Your Time Effectively . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xxv CHAPTER 1.R Review Concepts for Introduction to Statistics 1.R.1 Problem Solving with Whole Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.R.2 Introduction to Decimal Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 1.R.3 Estimating and Order of Operations with Decimal Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 1.R.4 Decimals and Percents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 CHAPTER 2.R Review Concepts for Graphical Descriptions of Data 2.R.1 Introduction to Fractions and Mixed Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 2.R.2 Decimal Numbers and Fractions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 2.R.3 Comparisons and Order of Operations with Fractions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 2.R.4 Fractions and Percents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 2.R.5 Reading Graphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 2.R.6 Constructing Graphs from Databases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 2.R.7 The Real Number Line and Absolute Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 BEG3R_GN_Preface.indd 3BEG3R_GN_Preface.indd 33/5/2020 3:14:44 PM3/5/2020 3:14:44 PMCHAPTER 3.R Review Concepts for Numerical Descriptions of Data 3.R.1 Addition with Real Numbers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 3.R.2 Subtraction with Real Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 3.R.3 Multiplication and Division with Real Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 3.R.4 Rules for Exponents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 3.R.5 Simplifying and Evaluating Algebraic Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 3.R.6 Evaluating Radicals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 CHAPTER 4.R Review Concepts for Probability, Randomness, and Uncertainty 4.R.1 Multiplication with Fractions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .113 4.R.2 Division with Fractions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 4.R.3 Least Common Multiple (LCM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 4.R.4 Addition and Subtraction with Fractions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 4.R.5 Union and Intersection of Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 CHAPTER 5.R Review Concepts for Discrete Probability Distributions 5.R.1 Order of Operations with Real Numbers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 5.R.2 Solving Linear Inequalities in One Variable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .153 5.R.3 Compound Inequalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 CHAPTER 6.R Review Concepts for Normal Probability Distributions 6.R.1 Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 6.R.2 Solving Linear Equations: ax + b = c. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 6.R.3 Working with Formulas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 ivPreface Table of Contents BEG3R_GN_Preface.indd 4BEG3R_GN_Preface.indd 43/5/2020 3:14:44 PM3/5/2020 3:14:44 PMCHAPTER 8.R Review Concepts for Confidence Intervals 8.R.1 Absolute Value Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189 8.R.2 Absolute Value Inequalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 CHAPTER 10.R Review Concepts for Hypothesis Testing 10.R.1 Translating English Phrases and Algebraic Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203 10.R.2 Applications: Scientific Notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 CHAPTER 12.R Review Concepts for Regression, Inference, and Model Building 12.R.1 The Cartesian Coordinate System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215 12.R.2 Graphing Linear Equations in Two Variables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223 12.R.3 Slope-Intercept Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229 Math@Work Basic Inventory Management. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235 Hospitality Management: Preparing for a Dinner Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237 Bookkeeper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239 Pediatric Nurse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241 Architecture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243 Statistician: Quality Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245 Dental Assistant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247 Financial Advisor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249 Market Research Analyst . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251 Chemistry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253 Astronomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255 Math Education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257 Physics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259 Forensic Scientist. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261 Other Careers in Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263 Answer Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265 vTable of Contents Preface BEG3R_GN_Preface.indd 5BEG3R_GN_Preface.indd 53/5/2020 3:14:44 PM3/5/2020 3:14:44 PMMath Knowledge Required for Math@Work Career Explorations The following table summarizes the math knowledge required for each Math@Work career exploration. Use this table to determine when you are ready to explore each career. Math@Work Career Whole Numbers Fr actions IntegersDecimal Numbers Av er ages Per cents Simple Inter est RatiosPr opor tions Geometr y StatisticsGr aphing Linear E quations Systems of E quations Mixtur e Pr oblems Scientific Notation Gr eatest Common F act or Rational Expr essions Radicals Basic Inventory Management check Hospitality Management check checkcheck Bookkeeper check Pediatric Nurse checkcheck check Architecture checkcheck Statistician: Quality Control checkcheck check Dental Assistant checkcheckcheck Financial Advisor checkcheck checkcheck Market Research Analyst checkcheck Chemistry checkcheck check Astronomy checkcheck Math Education checkcheck Physics checkcheck Forensic Scientist checkcheckcheck Other Careers in Mathematics viPreface Math Knowledge Required for Math@Work Career Explorations BEG3R_GN_Preface.indd 6BEG3R_GN_Preface.indd 63/5/2020 3:14:44 PM3/5/2020 3:14:44 PM Support If you have questions or comments we can be contacted as follows: 24/7 Chat: chat.hawkeslearning.com Phone: (843) 571-2825 E-mail: support@hawkeslearning.com Web: hawkeslearning.com Our support hours are 8:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m. (ET), Monday through Friday. viiSupport Preface BEG3R_GN_Preface.indd 7BEG3R_GN_Preface.indd 73/5/2020 3:14:44 PM3/5/2020 3:14:44 PMBEG3R_GN_Preface.indd 8BEG3R_GN_Preface.indd 83/5/2020 3:14:45 PM3/5/2020 3:14:45 PMixHow to Use the Guided Notebook How to Use the Guided Notebook There are a variety of elements in this Guided Notebook that will help you on your way to mastering each topic. Here is a rundown of how to use the elements as you work through this notebook. Fill-in-the-Blanks 1. When there is an incomplete sentence, you will need to write in the missing word(s). The missing words can be found by reading through the Learn screens. Boxed Content Definitions and procedures are highlighted within a box, like the ones shown here. The missing content will vary from box to box. Sometimes an entire definition is missing and sometimes only part of a sentence is missing. Here are two examples of the box variations. Definition First term to define: Write the definition here. Second term to define: If there is another term, define it the same way as above. DEFINITION • Terms Related to Probability Outcome An individual result of an experiment. Sample Space The set of all possible outcomes of an experiment. Event Some (or all) of the outcomes from the sample space. DEFINITION BEG3R_GN_How To.indd 9BEG3R_GN_How To.indd 93/4/2020 7:25:22 AM3/4/2020 7:25:22 AMNext >